Did an flowchart of Tummi v0001 based on an meme structure encoded in RDF and queried via SPARQL, note that the system is interlingual with an memepool as base knowledge graph connected via dictionaries with an lexis.
Here an overview of other meme machines...
1274 - 1308 Llull's Art by Ramon Llull, Lullism
1964 - 1966 ELIZA by Joseph Weizenbaum at MIT
1968 - 1970 SHRDLU by Terry Winograd at MIT
1985 - today Cyc by Douglas Lenat at Cycorp
1993 - today START by Boris Katz at MIT
1995 - ???? A.L.I.C.E by Richard Wallace
2009 - today Wolfram|Alpha by Wolfram Research
2014 - today Xiaoice by Microsoft
2015 - 2023 Cortana by Microsoft
2016 - today Google Assistant by Google
2016 - today Aristo by Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence
2017 DrQA by Facebook Research
2018 BERT by Google Research [340 million parameters]
2020 Meena by Google Research [2.6 billion parameters]
2020 Turing-NLG by Microsoft Project Turing [17 billion parameters]
2020 Blender by Facebook AI [up to 9.4 billion parameters]
2020 GPT-3 by OpenAI [175 billion parameters]
2021 Switch-C by Google [1.6 trillion parameters]
2023 GPT-4 by OpenAI [estimated: 1.76 trillion parameters]
2023 Watsonx by IBM [multiple models]
2023 Gemini by Google [former Bard, based on LaMDA]
2023 Copilot by Microsoft [based on OpenAI models]
2025 DeepSeek R1 by DeepSeek [Reasoning model, 671 billion parameters with MoE]
2025 GPT-4.5 by OpenAI [multimodal, estimated: 12.8 trillion parameters]
*** updated on 2025-03-02 ***
2023 - Roadmap update for Epsilon, Pi and Rho engine.
2021 - Roadmap update for Epsilon I, II, III, IV.
2020 - Roadmap for Tummi, Tummii and Tumiii.
2019 - Tummi v0001 pdf flowchart published.
2019 - Blog online.
2018 - Blueprint of an interlingual meme machine based on knowledge graphs
bootstrapped with human expert knowledge but able to parse content
automatically.
2018 - Project reopened, Watson didn't make it.
2011 - Project canceled, IBM's Watson wins in Jeopardy.
2010 - First prototype with an simple ontology as knowledge graph.
2008 - Convinced that RDF/SPARQL offer enough flexibility for an meme machine.
2008 - Experiments with neural networks and RDF/SPARQL.
2005 - Experiments with AIML.
2004 - Inspired by Kiwi Logic's virtual agents.
2003 - Convinced that an meme machine could answer IT HelpDesk emails.
2001 - Experiments with OOP and meme replication.
2001 - Journey starts, inspired by 'The Meme Machine' by Susan Blackmore who
introduces the idea of artificial meme machines.
*** updated on 2025-02-07 ***
This blog is about Tummi, my attempt to create an artificial meme machine that is able to parse content in natural language and answer questions in natural language.
The last time I started such a hobby project it took me about 10 years to get into the techniques and understand the underlying principles. So maybe anno 2028 I will be able to judge if this blog was a foolish idea or not.
The name Tummi is derived from 'The Meme Machine' by Susan Blackmore and 'The Ultimate Machine' by Claude Shannon.